Uterine leiomyomas, also known as uterine fibroids, are benign tumors that originate from the smooth muscle cells of the uterus. They are the most common benign tumors in women of reproductive age, affecting up to 70% of women by the age of 50. Uterine leiomyomas can vary in size, number, and location within the uterus, and they can cause symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure on nearby organs. Research in the area of uterine leiomyomas focuses on understanding the underlying causes of these tumors, developing more effective diagnostic tools and treatments, and identifying risk factors for their development. Treatment options for uterine leiomyomas include hormonal therapy, surgery, and minimally invasive procedures such as uterine artery embolization. Research in this area is important for improving the quality of life for women with uterine fibroids and finding new, more targeted treatment options.